What the Tide Remembers

Asia-Pacific legacy (2025):

The cumulative record — famines in India, frontier massacres in Australia, opium wars in China, plantation deaths in Mauritius, Fiji and Ceylon, and extractive ruin in Papua New Guinea — yields a regional ledger of structural violence: aggregated over two centuries the premature deaths and deep social harms amount to millions (likely tens of millions), while the surviving legacies are legal inequality, land dispossession, ecological damage and multigenerational trauma that still shape life chances in 2025.