What the Tide Remembers

India (c. 1769–1947):

As the East India Company and later the British Crown tightened their grip, India witnessed a horrifying frequency of famines—estimates suggest that between 1769 and 1943, the toll of starvation and disease in colonial-induced famines reached tens of millions, including the infamous Bengal famine of 1943 which alone claimed about 3 million lives. Colonial revenue demands, export-oriented agriculture, the dismantling of local safety nets and laissez-faire policies turned droughts into mass death events.