Malacca – Conquest by Afonso de Albuquerque (1511)

In 1511, Afonso de Albuquerque led Portuguese forces to capture the strategic city of Malacca. Indigenous communities experienced the burning of markets, imposition of foreign authority, and forced labor. In the centuries that followed, epidemics, occasional massacres, and coercive trade practices further destabilized the population and reshaped social hierarchies.